Pediatric Transesophageal Echocardiogram

Several diseases of the heart may be detected by echocardiography, including:

• Aneurysm
• Cardiomyopathy
• Congenital heart disease
• Congestive heart failure
• Pericarditis
• Valve disease

Echocardiography is utilized to diagnose cardiac problems, as well as guide heart surgery and complex cardiac catheterizations. Children’s developed one of the first digital echocardiography laboratories in the world and remains a leader in the development of new technologies to optimize patient care. Our digital echocardiography laboratory makes it seamless for physicians throughout the region, country and world to instantly send Children’s cardiologists echocardiograms for review 24/7 from any computer.

Children's offers many types of specialized echocardiography services, including transesophageal echocardiography.

A transesophageal echocardiogram can utilize one, or more, of four special types of echocardiography:

• M-mode echocardiography. This is the simplest type of echocardiography, and produces an image that is similar to a tracing rather than an actual picture of heart structures. M-mode echo is useful for measuring heart structures, such as the heart's pumping chambers, the size of the heart itself, and the thickness of the heart walls.
• Doppler echocardiography. The Doppler technique is used to measure and assess the flow of blood through the heart's chambers and valves. The amount of blood pumped out with each beat is an indication of the heart's functioning. Also, Doppler can detect abnormal blood flow within the heart, which can indicate such problems as an opening between chambers of the heart, a problem with one or more of the heart's four valves, or a problem with the heart's walls.
• Color Doppler. Color Doppler is an enhanced form of Doppler echocardiography. With color Doppler, different colors are used to designate the direction of blood flow. This simplifies the interpretation of the Doppler technique.
• 2-D (2-dimensional) echocardiography. This technique is used to see the actual structures and motion of the heart structures. A 2-D echo view appears cone-shaped on the monitor, and the real-time motion of the heart's structures can be observed. This enables the physician to see the various heart structures at work and evaluate them.

Transesophageal echocardiogram is used to evaluate the internal heart structures and path of blood flow in congenital (present at birth) heart disease. TEE is also used during heart surgery to evaluate the effects of surgical intervention to the heart, such as repair of congenital heart disease.

When echo is indicated, but other circumstances (such as pulmonary disease) that may interfere with the ability to obtain adequate images are present, a transesophageal echocardiogram may be more appropriate. Further, certain conditions of the heart, such as mitral valve disease, blood clots or masses inside the heart, dissection (tear) of the lining of the aorta (the artery which carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body), and implanted prosthetic (artificial) heart valves may be better visualized and assessed with TEE than with regular echocardiograms.

Depending on the results of the TEE, additional tests or procedures may be scheduled to gather further diagnostic information.

Intracardiac echocardiography, a new form of echo, places a tiny echo probe on the end of a catheter. This catheter is put in the heart, giving the team pictures of the heart from the inside. Intracardiac echos are primarily used in cardiac catheterization.